The Pipefitter Test: A Detailed Guide
Nov 10, 2024The Pipefitter Test is a screening test used to evaluate the suitability of applicants for joining an apprenticeship scheme to become a pipefitter.
This is a role that requires a vast amount of knowledge, both theoretical and practical – so the written test is an important part of the application process.
While there are different tests used in local unions throughout the US and Canada, and the US tests tend to differ from Canadian tests, this guide will cover what you can expect in these tests and especially the NCCER Pipefitter Test.
You will learn more about what the test covers, what to expect on test day, and how you can best prepare to do your best.
What Is the Pipefitter Test?
The Pipefitter Assessment Test covers the theoretical aspects of pipefitting work. As it is a test you are usually expected to take before getting a place on an apprenticeship program, you will need to have a High School Diploma or GED, as well as a good level of comprehension in English, math, and science.
The NCCER Test, on the other hand, is aimed at candidates who are already training to become a pipefitter, and completing the test demonstrates that the student is proficient at each of the levels, which corresponds with the US Department of Labor standards for apprenticeship programs.
Successful completion of the union tests is needed for you to be accepted onto an apprenticeship program, while completion of each level of the NCCER test is needed to complete the apprenticeship program and demonstrate that you have the theoretical knowledge to be a pipefitter – essential for many job roles in the industrial sector.
Pipefitter Test Structure and Content
Test Format
Typically, the Pipefitter Test is an online assessment that you can take at a test center. Sometimes a pencil-and-paper version is used, but they are usually structured the same way – as a multiple-choice assessment.
Some of the questions might be text-based, while others might use diagrams or images that you will need to understand to answer questions about.
Key Topics Covered
The Pipefitter Test will ask a combination of questions, depending on which one you are taking.
The local tests for the unions are aimed at ensuring you have the basic abilities needed to be a pipefitter, so you will need to demonstrate this in the following areas:
For the US Test:
- Reading Comprehension
- Figure Visualization (Spatial Reasoning)
- Mechanical Ability
- Math (including Numerical Reasoning questions)
In the Canadian Test, you will need to demonstrate competency in:
- Math
- Science
- Reading Comprehension
Knowledge Needed for the NCCER Pipe Fitter Exam
The NCCER Pipefitter Qualification is split into four levels, each based on the specific apprenticeship curriculum.
At each level, you will be introduced to different facets of the role, from tools to safety, blueprint reading to fabrication. These are designed to give you the theoretical understanding of the role that you can then apply during the hands-on training you will be undertaking alongside the classroom learning.
The test is a 125-question, multiple choice assessment that you have to complete within three hours.
It is structured as below:
- Safety – 16 questions
- Math – 14 questions
- Pipefitting Fundamentals – 16 questions
- Cutting – eight questions
- Fabrication – 18 questions
- Construction Drawings – 11 questions
- Rigging – nine questions
- Valves, Hangars, and Supports – 15 questions
- Pipefitting Specialties – 18 questions
Pipe Fitter Exam Example Questions
Mathematics
This section evaluates the candidate's ability to perform calculations involving measurements, angles, and other mathematical concepts relevant to pipefitting.
Example Question 1:
You need to cut a pipe to be exactly 3 feet and 7 inches long.
How many total inches is that?
a) 43 inches
b) 39 inches
c) 41 inches
d) 43.5 inches
The correct answer is: a) 43 inches
This tests conversion of feet to inches (3 feet = 36 inches; 36 + 7 = 43 inches).
Example Question 2:
If the angle of a pipe bend is 30 degrees, and you need to increase it to 90 degrees, how much more must you bend the pipe?
a) 50 degrees
b) 60 degrees
c) 70 degrees
d) 90 degrees
The correct answer is: b) 60 degrees
This question tests basic angle measurement and adjustment.
Blueprint Reading
This section assesses the candidate’s ability to read and interpret pipefitting blueprints and schematics.
Example Question 1:
On a blueprint, the symbol “Ø” represents the diameter of a pipe.
If the blueprint specifies a Ø2" pipe, what is the diameter of the pipe?
a) 2 inches
b) 4 inches
c) 2.5 inches
d) 3 inches
The correct answer is: a) 2 inches
This question evaluates understanding of symbols used in pipefitting blueprints.
Example Question 2:
A blueprint shows a horizontal pipe running 10 feet before it connects to a vertical pipe going 15 feet up.
What is the total length of the piping in this section?
a) 10 feet
b) 15 feet
c) 25 feet
d) 20 feet
The correct answer is: c) 25 feet
This question tests the ability to read and measure from blueprints.
Pipe Assembly
This section tests the candidate’s knowledge of assembling, installing, and joining pipes using different methods.
Example Question 1:
Which type of fitting is used to change the direction of a pipe at a 90-degree angle?
a) Tee fitting
b) Elbow fitting
c) Reducer fitting
d) Coupling fitting
The correct answer is: b) Elbow fitting
This question evaluates knowledge of standard pipe fittings.
Example Question 2:
When connecting two pipes of different diameters, which fitting would you use?
a) Union
b) Reducer
c) Elbow
d) Cap
The correct answer is: b) Reducer
A reducer is used to connect pipes with different diameters.
Safety
This section assesses the candidate's knowledge of workplace safety practices, including those specific to pipefitting.
Example Question 1:
Before welding pipes, which personal protective equipment (PPE) should be worn?
a) Gloves and safety goggles
b) Welding helmet, gloves, and fire-resistant clothing
c) Ear protection and hard hat
d) Only a hard hat
The correct answer is: b) Welding helmet, gloves, and fire-resistant clothing
This question evaluates knowledge of appropriate safety gear for welding tasks.
Example Question 2:
What is the best way to handle a situation where a pipe is too heavy to lift by yourself?
a) Try to lift it using all your strength
b) Use proper lifting techniques and ask for help if necessary
c) Ignore it and move to another task
d) Wait for someone else to lift it
The correct answer is: b) Use proper lifting techniques and ask for help if necessary
This tests understanding of safe lifting and workplace safety practices.
Preparation Tips for the Pipe Fitter Exam
Study Materials
The Pipefitter Pre-Apprenticeship tests do not assume that you have any industry knowledge, so the best way that you can study is to work on your numerical, verbal, spatial, and mechanical reasoning abilities.
There is plenty of materials, including Pipefitter test study guides and practice Pipefitter tests, online for this. You can use these Pipefitter Test questions and answers to determine your weak areas and then focus your study.
For the NCCER Test, you will have studied the specific areas of the curriculum before you take the test – so your notes should be the first place you look for revision materials.
Your instructor will have given you books that will help, but the most important one is The Pipe Fitters Blue Book by W.V. Graves. This is the only one you will be allowed to have in the examination room.
Hands-On Practice
Pipefitting is a hands-on role, so the only way to become proficient is to have both theoretical and practical knowledge. Your apprenticeship will place you alongside experienced pipefitters; these people will be the best way to learn, especially when books cannot replace actual experience in the field.
The more you expose yourself to blueprints, systems, and plans, and the more you practice fabricating pipes and welds, the better your performance will be both inside and outside the test room.
Math and Calculation Practice
Math is one of the most important parts of the role. There are specific calculations that you will be expected to understand and use, so these are where you should be focusing your practice.
In the pre-apprenticeship test, you want to be able to demonstrate that you can use trigonometry as well as understanding figures in tables and graphs.
What to Expect on the Pipefitter Test Day
Before the Exam
Punctuality is important on test day – you don’t want to arrive late because, not only could you jeopardize your opportunity to take the test, but you will also arrive flustered and will find it hard to concentrate.
Make sure you have all that you need to bring – this will include things like ID, as well as tools like a calculator (and the W.V. Graves book, which is specific to the NCCER test).
During the Exam
These tests are timed, so it is important that you can manage your time effectively. While you will need to work efficiently, it is essential that you read all questions carefully before you answer.
This is especially true of the questions that include figures and drawings; mistakes can occur if you haven’t understood what the question is actually asking of you.
If you find a question is taking you a long time to answer, move on – and if you have time at the end, you can always go back and have another go at it. You don’t want to miss what could be easier marks later in the test because you were spending too long on a tough one earlier on.
Make use of the tools you are allowed to have – for example, the calculator for math-related questions, even if you think you know the answer without it.
After the Exam
Once you have completed the assessment, you will be told how long you will need to wait to get your results. Some might be available immediately, while others will need to go to an assessor to be marked.
If you are applying for an apprenticeship, the union will use your scores to evaluate if you are suitable. For the NCCER exam, you will need to pass it to be able to move onto the next level; your tutor will let you know.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the passing score for the Pipefitter Test?
The passing score for the Pipefitter Assessment Test is usually about 75%. This can vary slightly based on location, so it is a good idea to aim for the most correct answers you are capable of.
What tools and materials should I bring to the test?
You will be told by the examination team what you are allowed to bring, but usually it is just a non-programmable scientific calculator or a pipe-specific calculator.
For the NCCER test, you are also permitted to bring a copy of The Pipe Fitters Blue Book by W.V. Graves.
How can I best prepare for the practical portion of the Pipefitter Test?
The best way to prepare is to absorb all the advice from the experienced pipefitters you are working alongside on-site.
Practice makes perfect, so the more you fabricate welds and pipes, and apply your newfound knowledge to different projects, the more confident you will be in your own abilities.
Are there specific certifications required alongside the Pipefitter Test?
The NCCER Certification is a nationally recognized program, which meets the criteria of the US Department of Labor for apprenticeships – it forms the knowledge part of the pipefitter certification program.
However, local certifications may be required for different states.
What job opportunities are available after passing the Pipefitter Test?
The Pipefitter Assessment Test can lead to many different roles in construction, including:
- Pipefitter
- Supervisor
- Workshop manager
- Engineering designer
- Hydraulic technician
Final Thoughts
While being a pipefitter is a hands-on role, you need to demonstrate that you have the theoretical knowledge as well as the physical abilities to be certified – and the Pipefitter Test is an important part of that process.
Whether you are looking at the pre-apprenticeship tests or the NCCER qualification test, practice and preparation are key to success – the more you revise and use practice Pipefitter Test questions and answers, the better your performance will be.
